it is also best known as zaditor

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ketotifene, ketotifeno, ketotifenum, ketotifene fumarate, ketotifen fumarate, ketotifen hydrogen fumarate

why babies spit up

I have a three and a half-month-old infant, and she has been drinking low iron formula. She spits at least 3/4 of what she takes in back up. Could this be a sign of a formula allergy?

Some amount of spitting up is common in many babies. This is often caused by air in the tummy being burped and bringing the milk or formula that is on top of it up with the air being burped. There are several things that can cause a baby to spit up large amounts, as your daughter does.

Some babies drink fast and gulp a lot of air. When they burp, they spit up most of their feeding. This problem can be avoided by using a nipple that has a slower flow. Newborn size nipples, orthodontic nipples and Avent nipples are among the best for slowing down the feeding. It also helps to burp the baby often, at least every ounce, so when she burps, there is not so much milk sitting on top of the air bubble to come up.

Other babies drink much more than their tummies can hold, so they spit up. In this instance, it is helpful to feed babies smaller amounts more often. Although it may seem time consuming, it really makes a difference. At 3 months, most babies will take 4-6 ounces at a feeding and 25-32 ounces in a day.

Some babies have an intolerance or allergy to their formula. These are two different things, but may manifest as spitting up. Among babies who are allergic to milk based formulas, about 10% are also allergic to soy formulas. Iron is almost never the cause of spitting and is necessary to help babies avoid becoming anemic. Allergies can cause irritation in the esophagus near where it joins the stomach; this can cause babies to spit more.

Perhaps the most common cause of spitting up in babies is a condition called gastroesophageal reflux. That is what happens when we get heartburn. The junction between the stomach and esophagus is weak, allowing formula and acid to come back up. Virtually all babies reflux to some degree, but we only worry about it in babies who are fussy (heartburn hurts!) or are not gaining weight well. If your baby has a formula intolerance or allergy, she may make this condition worse by causing the inflammation described above. You can help calm this type of problem by offering smaller feedings more often, burping frequently and keeping your baby upright at your shoulder for 20-30 minutes after feeding or elevating the head of her bed and laying her on her right side to sleep.

Check with your doctor about these concerns. If your daughter is growing well, there may be no need for alarm or making any changes.